Thursday, December 6, 2012

Starvation Is The Best Teacher

To be honest, until recently, I have not been that motivated to study wild edibles so I’ve tried to come up with a way to make it interesting for me. Here is what I’ve done. None of my boys really like Texas style chili & beans and shun it whenever they can. Several times we’ve gone on hikes and discovered that the energy expressed along the way and the environment of the wild makes “anything” taste good. So, I’ve tried “starvation” as a learning tool to see if they would eat them. Every time we’ve opened a cans of beans in the wild the boys have all wolfed them down and asked for more. The second thing I’ve done is asked the Lord for desire, that he would give me a mind that “cares” about His garden (Phil. 2:13 LB). And He has done just that. I’ve started with the two easiest wild edibles – dandelions and cats ear. I now see them everywhere and will soon start studying the 90 plus plants found on the Northern Bushcraft website.

I came across this excerpt of the early life of Euell Gibbons the famous wild edible advocate. In the 60’s and 70’s he popularized the use of wild edibles after writing Stalking The Wild Asparagus (1962) and appeared on several variety shows including Johnny Carson and Sony & Cher. Here you see how starvation was Euell’s best teacher and motivator. It was said that later in life he would carry $1,500.00 in cash at all times. It was only then that he felt safe.

I have a couple comments about this story – Euell was only 12 years old and was able to butcher a cow, chickens and rabbits. He knew how to tan a hide and was willing to hike over 8 miles in order to find food for his family. Another point… fathers should never “walk down the road” and leave their family’s behind. Proverbs says, “He who tills his land will have plenty of bread, but he who pursues worthless things lacks sense” Prov. 12:11 (NASB); and, “He who works his land will have abundant food, but the one who chases fantasies will have his fill of poverty” Prov. 28:19 (NIV). Euell’s father had a reputation of chasing the next big dream and dragging his family along the way. Godly men do not do that.

In 1922, his father took the family to the Estancia Valley, in New Mexico, to establish a homestead (17.2 miles south of Moriarty). The state of New Mexico was ten years old, and was having unpromising beginnings, for a four-year drought of appalling severity had discouraged homesteaders in the state, and many of them were giving up and moving away. Euell’s father was a man of such unnerving optimism that he saw the drought as an opportunity. Surely rains were near, and meanwhile departing people were all but giving away their homes and goods. He traded the family car to a defeated homesteader for a cow, a calf, a colt, two mares, a mule colt, twelve hens, farm tools, a set of harness, a wood stove, and an axe.

The family moved into a half dugout, which had a dirt floor and, above ground level, was made of logs. Water was carried from a spring several hundred yards away. Euell’s father found work with a new company that had been established in the valley salt flats to make salt. This, he said, would be his permanent career. Gibbons remembers that his father described as permanent every job he started. The salt of the valley had not been tested, and cattle died wherever the salt was sold. The company collapsed. The drought continued, and since there was no other work for Euell’s father, the mule colt was sold and the money was used to buy food.

Soon his father left the valley, on foot, to search for a job, and the mother and four children in the half dugout had no idea where he was going, how long he would be gone, or whether he would come back. The remaining animals began to starve. Euell’s mother got sick, apparently from malnutrition. A mare died, and Euell’s dog ate the carcass. Wood, out there is the semi-desert, was difficult to find, and Euell, who was twelve years old, began to take posts from an old pole corral a half mile away. The cow, in her hunger, ate yucca and died. Euell skinned the cow and sold the hide in Cedarvale, the nearest town (37.7 miles south of Estancia). The chickens ate the flesh of the cow, and the family, who had been living on lard, pinto beans, flour, and syrup, began to eat the chickens, one by one. When Euell killed the last hen he found an egg inside it, and fro many weeks aft that the egg sat on a shelf because no one would be the one to eat it. It was eventually thrown away.

Meanwhile, pinto beans had become the family’s diet morning, noon, and night. About a mile and a half away, there was a house that stood empty. Its owners were to be gone indefinitely, and Euell went there to see if they had left any food. He found the front door swinging in the wind on one hinge. Sandstorms had blown drifts of sand into the house and had knocked a stovepipe chimney from the roof as well. There was no food inside. A few yards from the house was a dugout shelter (root cellar), and it was locked. Euell thought for a while, then broke in. Inside, he found two hundred pounds of pinto beans.

Outside, his dog began to bark. Euell went out and saw that the dog was concentrating on the stovepipe chimney that had blown off the house. He picked up one end of the chimney and squinted into it. A pair of rabbits was in there, and after he had killed them he began to wonder – for the first time in this strange, dry, and unpromising landscape – about wild food.

Soon after the last of the family’s livestock had died, there had been some rainfall in the Estancia Valley, and, as will happen in desert country, things were suddenly green. On his way home with the rabbits, he found Russian thistles growing along a fence row, and he also found wild garlic, lamb’s-quarters, and wild potatoes. All these ingredients were used that evening in rabbit stew. The next day, Euell put a pack on his back and went to the edge of the valley, were he found puffball mushrooms growing under cedar trees, pinon nuts, and fruits of the yellow prickly pear (the tree line of the Sandi Mountains is about 8 miles to the west of Estancia). He made long daily hikes in search of provisions. He found buffalo berries on the margins of sand hills. He found a way to fish the ground for rabbits – pushing a barbed wire into rabbit holes and rotating the wire so that the barbs would work their way into the rabbits’ fur. His father returned, with money, about a month later. Until then, the family lived on the wild food Euell foraged (italics mine).

John McPhee, A Roomful of Hovings And Other Profiles (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1968), pp. 87-89.

Monday, December 3, 2012

Teaching Your Family Bushcraft

My family and I have only just recently begun studying and practicing survival/bushcraft skills. The drive and push to do this came from the disturbing geopolitical events. We started out a couple years ago knowing NOTHING and in a short time have learned quite a bit. If I were just starting out I would first commit my works my efforts to the Lord. I would bow the knee and acknowledge that I don’t know anything and need all the help I can get.

First commit your works to the Lord (Prov. 16:3). Start no endeavor without first giving it to God. Let Him do the leading, the building, the growing etc.

Ask God to give you wisdom and knowledge about His garden. He is the source of all creative ideas and “witty inventions” (Prov. 8:12). All good ideas come from Him and so if you want to see what God has concealed for His own glory (Prov. 25:2), then ask Him to reveal it to you. I take inspiration from George Washington Carver who went to the Lord and ask Him to teach him everything you could know about the peanut. Ask God to teach you about wild edible plants those used for medicine and those used for food (Gen. 1:29; Eze. 47:12; Rev. 22:2). Believe that His garden is good (Gen. 1:31).

Ask God for power. The Word says that “power belongs to God” (Psa. 62:11) so you can do nothing without Him. Ask God for ability and power to make things, to see things, to hear things in the wild.

Ask God to give you desire. Ask God to help you like bush craft to enjoy it (Matt. 7:7-11). There are some things that I’m not really interested in like Hamm radios or generators. Knowing this about myself I’ve asked the Lord to help me like it and to be interested in these subjects and others ~ “For God is working in you, giving you the desire and the power to do what pleases Him” Phil. 2:13 (LB).

Study bush craft and survival in the Bible. When Noah took his first step off the Ark there was no 7-Eleven, Walmart, Sears, or anything. He could not just go buy a Diet Coke at the local Shell Station because there wasn’t any. Who taught Noah survival/bushcraft skills? He learned them before the flood and had a much greater knowledge of the Garden then you or I. How about Elijah? Who taught him to survive out near the brook Cherith (1 Kings 17:2-6)? God told him “Arise, go to Zarephath, which belongs to Sidon, and stay there; behold, I have commanded a widow there to provide for you” (1 Kings 17:9). That village is only about 13 miles north of Tyre and 8 miles south of Sidon along the sea road. In other words he had to learn a few things about urban survival and avoiding the searching eyes of wicked Jezebel (1 Kings 18). Another thought ~ Elijah lived within a mile of the Mediterranean Sea and ample access to Bull Sea Kelp, Sea Salad, Shellfish, and many other ocean edibles.

If you’re near the ocean there is no reason to starve. How about righteous Lot? When he fled Sodom into the mountains did he know how to make a shelter with an adjustable pot stand? Did he know how to make a solar still for fresh water? Did he know any wild edibles? I don’t know how he got along but it happened for him and God will take care of you to.

Take your first step ~ make something. I would purchase Richard Graves Bushcraft or John “Lofty” Wiseman’s SAS Survival Manual and make something. The very first thing I made in the wild was a tent peg at Penial Ranch, Washington. Easy. Just make something

I would encourage you to purchase John McCann’s new book Stay Alive: Survival Skills You Need because it has reviews of the latest and greatest equipment the survival/bushcraft world offers. I’d also highly recommend watching over 500 Youtube videos put out by Dave Canterbury at his Pathfinder School in Ohio. I would not recommend watching his Discovery Channel show with Cody Lundin because they frequently use coarse humor and foul language. Dave Canterbury is a Christian and I have yet to find any of that in his Youtube videos.

God Bless, Patrick

Saturday, November 24, 2012

Camp Cooking

Simple Camp Stakes With Crossbeam

"Another method to suspend your billies is by an overhead stick supported by two forked stakes driven into the ground at either end of the stone wall" (p. 81).

This is a simple system to suspend billie cans over a fire. The boys and I went on a little jaunt in the woods and decided to eat some beans.


This is not rocket science. What would have made this more effective was some adjustable pot hangers.


This is my sons first attempt at the camp stove. I'm very proud of him!!!

Fishing Spear (Part 1).

Fishing Spears


"The best spearing is over shallow sandy shallows at night with an acetylene torch or very powerful five or six cell electric torch. With fish spearing the aim is to pin the fish down with the spear rather than thrust at the fish. Move the spear slowly till it is over the fish and then jab suddenly in the strike. Fish spearing by day can be either done from a boat or raft or coracle, or from a rocky ledge. In any case you will need a sea glass or underwater goggles so that you can see clearly without any interruption by surface ripple. A sea glass can be made by cutting the bottom out of a tin and simply looking through the hole the tin provides. This will protect the water within the tin from surface ripple. Or, better still, you can put a glass bottom to the tin and secure it with sticking plaster or scotch tape. When fishing from a boat, spear as nearly vertical as possible. In spearing for fish move slowly and quietly, and allow for the angle of distortion of the water. Remember that fish have a natural protective colouring and at first they will be difficult to see. They are easiest to detect when they move, or by their shadow against the sea bottom. Fish spears should be multi-pronged for greater efficiency, and, if made of wire, are more certain if barbed" (p. 293-294).


We started out with a simple 6 foot stick.


We then split it four ways with this Bear Grylls Plain Edge Survival Knife.


Two cuts splits the stick four ways.


Tap two spacer sticks to splay out the spear points.


Sharpen the spear points (to be continued).

Bush Hoe (part 1)

Bush Hoe

 
"Select a dead or half-dead branch of hardwood, 4" to 6" [10 to 15 cm] thick, with a side branch from 5' to 6' [1.5 to 1.8 m] long and an 1½" [3.5 cm] thick coming off it at a fairly wide angle. Trim the side branch so that it is smooth. With your machete or tomahawk, trim the main branch so that it is a "hook" to the handle part. See that it is sharpened to a chisel edge. This bush hoe is quite an efficient digging tool, particularly if the digging end is fire hardened" (p. 111).
 
This project was lots of fun but did take a little bit of "sweat equity."
 

We found a Spruce tree with a long side branch (5 feet or so).


Then began cutting out the hoe using a Gransfors Bruks axe.
 
 
Slowly cutting away.
 
 
Moving around to the other side.
 
 
Once we had a notch cut around the hoe I used a Coghlan folding saw to cut it off and here is the rough product. In a future post I'll show you the finished Bush Hoe.

Fire Tongs

This was a fun project and one we were looking forward to make and use.


We cut two stickes about 3 1/2 feet long. One straight stick and one with a "Y."


Tie the two together using natural cordage. We used creeping roots found everywhere in the Seattle area. Now you have a set of fire tongs (p. 84).

Pegs & Stakes

Pegs And Stakes

"Campcraft without equipment is totally different from campcraft with equipment... and in some ways 'doing without' can be more fun. This Bushcraft book shows things that you can make and do in camp when you have no equipment except a cutting tool. Some items will be new to even the most experienced camper, and there will be much that is of value to the Boy Scout and his brother in woodcraft."

"Camping without equipment calls for a really sharp tool and a good deal of common sense. A good machete is probably the most useful of all tools for bush work. Mostly you will want sticks, either for pegs, stakes, forks or hooks and these generally can be cut from windblown branches close to the site of your camp. It is always preferable to use dead timber rather than growing wood. By using dead (but not rotten) wood you are clearing the forest floor of debris, and by avoiding cutting green wood you are helping to conserve the forests."

Bush Campcraft
 
"Even a simple item like a stake or a peg must be cut properly, and if it is to be driven into the ground it must have the head bevelled and the toe properly pointed."
 
"This is the right way - this stake will drive cleanly into the ground. It will not split when being driven be cause the head is properly bevelled" (p. 76).
Making a tent peg with a Council Tool Velvicut Hudson Bay Axe is a dream come true. It is beautiful, sharp, lightweight, and simply awesome!




Tent pegs are very easy. Notice the profile of that Velvicut Axe... a very fine edge.
 

Forks

"Generally the correct sort of fork to select is one with a perfectly straight drive from the head to the toe, and with the forked stick coming off at an angle. A fork which is to be driven into the ground must have the head bevelled and the toe pointed."

"There is a perfectly straight drive from the bevelled head right through to the toe. This fork will drive into the ground and stand securely."

"Most beginners think that the wrong way will work out all right... everyone does... the first time; then you learn that it pays to spend five minutes find the right shaped stake or fork, rather than trying to make do with a poorly selected stick" (pps. 77-78).


We wanted to "kill two birds with one stone" by picking just one stick. We then cut it in half and trimmed it up.



Here is the finished product ~ very easy ~ using a Council Tool Velvicut Premium Axe.

Wednesday, October 24, 2012

Fire by Friction (Part 1)

Our first project was to make the fire drill found on pages 170-174 (http://chrismolloy.com/page.php?u=p136). So we set out into the Cascade Mountains with the entire family and made a day of it. We took our gold pans for some panning and also were looking for river rocks for flintknapping.


We wanted to find a suitable stick for the fire bow and it didn't take long.


We used a Coghlan's Folding Sierra Saw and broke the tip. It worked fast and furious but was a bit spindly.


Those are Greenlee Handyman gloves. Easy cutting, bow looks just like the book.


Sawing and limbing the branch took about 10 minutes. Our favorite EDC knife is the Ontario RAT Model 1 folders with 3.6" blade. They work great but only after taking off the secondary bevel.





Tuesday, October 16, 2012

Living Off the Land

Heres a link to a short video of Australian Army soldiers learning to survive in the bush. Its a short video, about 02:19, and I offer it to you for fun. You can find it on British Pathe' website of historic films...

http://www.britishpathe.com/video/living-off-the-land/query/Koala

Here's the video description from the website:

"Living off the land (1944).

Australia.

Men of Australian Imperial Force learn to survive in bush land. They cut down a tree and slice off a section, C/U of water dripping from the end, a man collects it in a tin, drinks it and passes it round. They chop at a root on the ground, various shots as they blow down one end and water comes out of the other, several of these can be used as a makeshift shower. M/S as man collects dew off leaves.

M/S as they cut and eat a celery like plant in the bush. M/S as officer strips bark from a tree and eats a fat white grub underneath. C/U as he holds a handful of grubs and the men tuck in, M/S as they eat them. Various shots as they follow a kangaroo, koala bear, snake and frog for food. Two of them see an elephant and rub their hands in glee, he walks off quickly."

Monday, October 15, 2012

Bushcraft: starring Richard Graves

Amazon sells Richard Graves original 1944 work Bushcraft: How to Live in the Jungle & Bush (c) 1944. The dust jacket states that this book was taken directly from his class training notes while in the U.S. Army Air Crew, Jungle Survival & Rescue Detachment. He also instructed while operating out of Hollandia, Dutch New Guinea.

Here is the introduction to the revised and updated ~ Australian Bushcraft (c) 1984.

Richard Graves, who died in 1971, first published The 10 Bushcraft Books in 1950. A cousin of poet and author Robert Graves, he was an enthusiastic bushwalker, skier and a pioneer of white-water canoeing. During the Second World War he realised that knowing the bush helped to save lives, particularly those of men stranded behind enemy lines in the island jungles of the Pacific zone. He founded and led the Australian Jungle Rescue Detachment, assigned to the Far East United States Air Force. This detachment of 60 specially selected A.I.F. soldiers successfully carried out more than 300 rescue missions during the period of the war. Most of these missions were in enemy-held territory. All were successful, and no lives were lost.

The key to the success of these rescue missions in wild and inhospitable country was survival. It was then, during the jungle training school period, that he started to compile the notes for the original 10 bushcraft volumes.

Graves later revised the notes and after the war conducted a school in bushcraft for almost twenty years.

In his introduction to the collection of these books Graves stated:

“The practice of bushcraft shows many unexpected results. The five senses are sharpened and consequently the joy of being alive is greater. The individual’s ability to adapt and improvise is developed to a remarkable degree. This in turn leads to increased self-confidence.”

“Self-confidence and the ability to adapt to a changing environment and to overcome the difficulties is followed by a rapid improvement in the individual’s daily work. This in turn leads to advancement and promotion. Bushcraft, by developing adaptability, provides a broadening influence, a necessary counter to offset the narrowing influence of modern specialisation.”

“For this work of bushcraft, all that is needed is a sharp cutting instrument: knife axe or machete. The last is the most useful. For the work, dead materials are most suitable. The practice of bushcraft conserves and does not destroy wildlife.”

The Project Begins...

I'm embarking on an ambitious project ~ similiar to Julie Powell's blog where she made all of Julia Child's recipes in Mastering The Art of French Cooking. She took a year I may take longer.

My project involves taking Richard Harry Graves book Bushcraft: A Serious Guide to Survival & Camping and attempt to make or build every craft within its 372 pages.

I'm going to show how the common man with no experience can take God's natural resources and construct ropes, fire bows, snares, traps, bush hoe's etc. I live in the Seattle area and have at my disposal the ocean, mountains, rain forests, deserts, lakes, and farmlands. So, I should be able to make everything and will blog my journey.

The text will be included and I'll use the illustrations from the 1984 revision. I'm hoping some Aussie's will provide more up to date biographical information on Graves with photo's and even book links; if there are any. Time will tell.